This research was conducted by a team of four people, namely M. Arief Budihadrjo S.T., M.Eng.Sc., Env.Eng. Ph.D. and Bimastyaji Surya Ramadan, S.T., M.T, as well as two student members, Julia Nur Rizkiana and Sheila Nurul Adhana. The research was conducted entitled Feasibility Study of Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) Plant in Jatibarang Landfill.
This article is a media release without compromising the meaning of research originality when it will be published formally in other media. The full results of this research are entirely M's. Arief and the research team.
Currently jatibarang landfill passive zone has been closed with geomembran and extracted methane gas to be converted into electrical energy. Semarang City Government cooperates with the Danish Government, DANIDA, in the construction of a Waste Power Plant (PLTSa). This project has also contracted electricity purchase cooperation with PLN for the next 8 years. Once the methane gas extraction process is complete, the passive zone can be reused and its waste can be used as a companion fuel for coal, commonly called Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF).
Refuse Derived Fuel or RDF is the result of separation of urban solid waste between flammable fractions and hard-to-burn fractions. RDF comes from flammable waste and has high calorific values, such as plastic, paper, fabric, and rubber/leather. Currently, there are not many cities in Indonesia that have RDF processing facilities. Therefore, this research aims to review the feasibility of RDF Plant in Jatibarang landfill.
RDF Jatibarang landfill plant is planned to process 250 tons of waste per day. The main raw material comes from passive zone waste mined and mixed with active waste that enters the landfill every day with a ratio of 2:1. The process of processing waste into RDF in Jatibarang landfill consists of mining and sifting of passive zone waste, active waste sorting, heavy separation, magnetic separation, enumeration, drying, compaction, storage, and transportation to the buyer industry. Every day as much as 75 tons of RDF can be produced with a calorific value of 2,980 kcal/kg and water content of less than 20%. Rdf selling price per ton is Rp 300,000 with rdf sales target market which is cement plant in Central Java.
The processing of waste from passive zones and active waste in jatibarang landfill has an impact on the sustainability of landfill zones. The utilization of passive zone waste led to the rehabilitation of the zone so that it could be reused after 30 years of mined. The use of active waste as RDF mixture can also reduce the amount of waste that goes into landfills by 30,300 tons per year. However, there is a negative impact on the environment from the use of RDF, namely the production of dioxins derived from plastic waste. Dioxins are harmful compounds that arise from imperfect combustion with a temperature of less than 800 . Therefore, RDF sales are not recommended to the household industry, but rather to cement factories where combustion occurs at very high temperatures. In this case, the use of RDF as a companion fuel in the cement plant is safe.
Implementation of RDF Plant in Jatibarang landfill with economic value of 30 years investment and interest rate based on weighted average cost of capital (WACC) 2%, the average net profit obtained after the loan period expires is Rp 11,297,558,753/year. Based on sensitivity analysis it is known that the proportion of financing sources and interest rates affect the results of NPV, PP, and IRR. The result of financial feasibility analysis is NPV of Rp 204,007,067,683, Payback Period for 7 years, and IRR value of 23%.Based on the results of technical, environmental and financial aspects analysis, RDF Plant in Jatibarang landfill is feasible to run. Waste processing into RDF in Jatibarang landfill is expected to be one of the efforts in overcoming the problem of waste in landfill Jatibarang.